Northern Ireland was created in 1921, when Ireland was partitioned by the Government of Ireland Act 1920. . Meanwhile the majority in Southern Ireland (which became the Irish Free State in 1922), and a significant minority in Northern Ireland, were Irish nationalists and Catholics who wanted a united independent Ireland.
Partition took place during the Irish War of Independence (1919–21), a guerrilla conflict between the Irish Republican Army (IRA) and British forces. During 1920–22, in what became Northern Ireland, partition was accompanied by violence « in defence or opposition to the new settlement ».
How is Ireland divided up?
The island is divided between the Republic of Ireland, an independent state, and Northern Ireland (a constituent country of the United Kingdom). They share an open border and both are part of the Common Travel Area.
When was Ireland first discovered?
The earliest evidence of human presence in Ireland is dated at 10,500 BC. Gaelic Ireland had emerged by the 1st century AD. The island was Christianised from the 5th century onward. Following the 12th century Anglo-Norman invasion, England claimed sovereignty.
How did Ireland become under British rule?
British rule in Ireland began with the Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland in 1169. Most of Ireland gained independence from Britain following the Anglo-Irish War and became a fully independent republic following the passage of the Republic of Ireland Act in 1949. Northern Ireland still remains part of the United Kingdom.
What started the Northern Ireland conflict?
The conflict began during a campaign by the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association to end discrimination against the Catholic/nationalist minority by the Protestant/unionist government of Northern Ireland and Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC).
When did Ireland join the UK?
On 1 January 1801, the first day of the 19th century, the Great Britain and Ireland joined to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
Who found Ireland First?
Around 4000 BC it is estimated that the first farmers arrived in Ireland. Farming marked the arrival of the new Stone Age. Around 300BC, Iron Age warriors known as the Celts came to Ireland from mainland Europe. The Celts had a huge influence on Ireland.
Why did the Catholic and Protestant fight in Ireland?
The Troubles From the late 1960s a civil rights movement broke out in Ulster to promote the political and social rights of the Irish Catholic minority there. This led to violence with the involvement of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) on the Catholic side and the Ulster Defence Force (UDF) on the Protestant side.
Why are Ireland and Northern Ireland separate?
Partition took place during the Irish War of Independence (1919–21), a guerrilla conflict between the Irish Republican Army (IRA) and British forces. During 1920–22, in what became Northern Ireland, partition was accompanied by violence « in defence or opposition to the new settlement ».
Is Ireland mostly Catholic or Protestant?
Religion. Ireland has two main religious groups. The majority of Irish are Roman Catholic, and a smaller number are Protestant (mostly Anglicans and Presbyterians). However, there is a majority of Protestants in the northern province of Ulster.
When did Ireland become part of the UK?
On 1 January 1801, in the wake of the republican United Irishmen Rebellion, the Irish Parliament was abolished and Ireland became part of a new United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland formed by the Acts of Union 1800.
How did Northern Ireland become British?
In 1922, after the Irish War of Independence most of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom to become the independent Irish Free State but under the Anglo-Irish Treaty the six northeastern counties, known as Northern Ireland, remained within the United Kingdom, creating the partition of Ireland.
Was Northern Ireland ever part of Ireland?
The rest of Ireland (6 counties) was to become Northern Ireland, which was still part of the United Kingdom although it had its own Parliament in Belfast. As in India, independence meant the partition of the country. Ireland became a republic in 1949 and Northern Ireland remains part of the United Kingdom.
What is the main religion in Ireland?
Roman Catholic
Who ruled Ireland before the British?
Henry II of England
What is the difference between Catholic and Protestant Irish?
The Republic of Ireland is historically a Catholic country and a large majority of the Irish are Catholics. . However, the majority of the Northern Irish have forefathers who emigrated from England and Scotland and these two countries have been Protestant for almost 500 years.
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